Switch from zsh to bash mac. I immediately switched it back to BASH.

Switch from zsh to bash mac For many users, the default shell that comes with macOS, zsh, is perfectly adequate for their needs. Full details at https://www. This guide will provide you with practical tips and tricks to help you transition to zsh with ease. brew install bash Sep 24, 2014 · 44 You can't " export " your . So changing ~/. However, you can switch to bash from zsh, if you prefer. You can verify the default shell by typing echo $0 in the terminal. This guide provides simple steps and tips to make your shell transition smooth and swift. There is an entire eco-system of configuration tools and themes called oh-my-zsh which is very popular. Aug 7, 2021 · I had a similar problem in doing the opposite on my system (OS X 10. Nov 5, 2023 · As a long-time Mac user, I was excited to unlock the full potential of my terminal by switching from the default Bash shell to the more powerful and customizable Zsh shell. Mar 13, 2022 · A detailed guide to find out which shell you're using, and how to switch from one shell to another, such as from bash to zsh. Alternatively, you can change the default shell graphically in System Settings under Users & Groups by Ctrl-Clicking your profile picture and selecting "Advanced Change the default shell in Terminal on Mac The default shell is zsh. bashrc to a . Default shell in my mac was bash. Apr 9, 2016 · In standard linux, and in previous versions of Mac OS X, you would add a new shell like /usr/local/bin/zsh to /etc/shells, then use chsh -s /usr/local/bin/zsh to change to it. To get back to Zsh, yes you got it right! 2 days ago · What Is ZSH on Mac? Demystifying the Modern Shell ZSH, or Z shell, is the default shell on modern macOS versions (Catalina and later), offering a more customizable and feature-rich command-line experience than its predecessor, Bash. When it comes to using the command line on macOS, the default shell is often a matter of personal preference. It provides improvements like enhanced autocompletion, theme support, and plugin capabilities, making it a powerful tool for both casual users and seasoned Oh My Zsh is a popular open-source Zsh configuration framework loved by developers worldwide. Thanks! Install a recent version of bash using brew, and switch your default shell to bash. This guide simplifies the transition while spotlighting zsh's powerful features. They haven’t said specifically why the change is occurring, but we can make some educated guesses. Aug 19, 2022 · ️As Zsh is the default shell for macOS since Catalina, you will see the alert message when you switch to bash saying the default shell is zsh. " message when you switch from zsh to bash. I researched and got many different answers, some off point, and finally found the one that works. Nov 26, 2024 · Discover how switching from Zsh to Fish shell can enhance your productivity with faster performance, rich built-in functionality, and an user-friendly configuration experience. To change your default shell from Zsh to Bash, simply run the "chsh -s /bin/bash" command in Terminal and reopen it. But prompts are not compatible. The only one that did not was the PATH variable statement. PDF and have a complete listing at your fingertips history -c networkQuality Numerous other commands that don't work in ZSH Why has Apple decided to Apr 19, 2023 · If you’re ready to swap bash for zsh, or zsh for dash, then here’s how to change the default Terminal shell on Mac. Jan 10, 2025 · How to Change the Default Shell to Bash on macOS macOS has come a long way in terms of shell usage and command-line operations. Feb 15, 2023 · If you want to switch between the two, you may type either of the following commands in Terminal every time you want to change the shell: bash or zsh How to change the default shell in System Settings As well as changing the default shell in Terminal, you can also do it in System Settings. This change boosts security and offers newer features, such as interactive auto-completion, themable prompts, and path expansion. " Way 2: Hide 'The default interactive shell is now zsh. However, ZSH offers more flexibility and customization options. For a long time, the bash was a default shell in macOS. Search for "Edit Environment variables for your account" to bring up the environment variables window, create a new variable named "SHELL" and give it the value "/usr/bin/zsh/". Discover how to change from zsh to bash effortlessly. Essentially, the . It covers an overview of both shells, the steps for setting them up, 2 days ago · This post guide you to change the default shell from zsh to bash on Mac step by step. The script explains what it will do and then pauses before it does it. Readability of the screen is very important, and I personally prefer a slightly higher contrast display. ' and continue using bash If you know the benefits of zsh, such as more customization and smarter auto-completion, but still prefer the familiar bash, you can hide 'The Aug 30, 2023 · 苹果现在在macOS上将Zsh作为默认的shell。我们喜欢Zsh，但可靠的旧Bash shell仍然包含在macOS中，如果你更喜欢，可以快速切换回Bash。Zsh在macOS Catalina中成为默认，并在后续版本中保持不变。 另外，Zsh 只是新创建的用户帐户上的默认 shell，因此你在升级的 Mac 上拥有的任何现有帐户仍将默认使用 Bash From Apple: By default, your Mac uses either zsh or bash as the command-line interpreter for the login shell and interactive shell: zsh (Z shell) is the default shell for all newly created user accounts, starting with the macOS Catalina beta. Apr 16, 2020 · I’ve upgraded my Mac from macOS Mojave to macOS Catalina and the first thing I noticed is that zsh is the new default shell, leaving Bash behind. Paste that in a macOS Terminal or Linux shell prompt. Read more >> When Terminal says "command not found", it means that the command you entered isn't in your search path. In this comprehensive 2800+ word […] Apr 15, 2017 · Bash comes pre-installed on most terminals, but its not the best shell out there. Alternatively: Open Cygwin (in BASH) then type: Apr 23, 2014 · I've used bash for two years, and just tried to switch to zsh shell on my OS X via homebrew. Quick Fix to Switch from zsh to bash on Mac Terminal Jan 15, 2021 · Every new Mac uses the (Zsh) by default, but you can quickly and easily switch the default shell back to Bash. zsh has much more options and points to change zsh configuration and behavior. However, for some of my other tasks, I wish to use normal bash. But by using Homebrew, you can install the latest version of Bash and use its features. From macOS, Big Sur Apple is shipping zsh as the default shell but there is still an option available to use the bash shell. Apple already ships Z shell with macOS (as well as the sh shell interpreter) along with bash. zshrc change your default shell to bash through chsh -s /bin/bash It's also possible to do this via the GUI but if you're already in Terminal, this is quicker. 🚀You should see -bash now. Zsh is an interactive shell which incorporates a lot of useful features from other shells. You can switch from zsh to bash on macOS Ventura, Monterey, Big Sur, and Catalina after reading. And Bash is great – it gets the job done on basic terminal tasks. Aug 2, 2023 · Switch from Zsh to Bash on Mac using one of the two methods described in this article. zshrc. Aug 28, 2024 · Both zsh and bash are shell programs, which are environments that act as interfaces between users and the UNIX system. While macOS ships with the reliable bash shell, Zsh offers advanced functionality and customization options that make it worth upgrading to. Though Bash is still shipped with all the macOS ever since Catalina till date (macOS Ventura 13 Apr 30, 2021 · I use the macOS default Terminal because that's what I used when I started learning to code and I'm loath to change (soz). To put that in perspective, the version of Bash used on your Mac was new when the Aug 5, 2025 · In simple words, bash_profile is a configuration file for the Bash shell, which is a hidden file in your Mac's user directory. Jan 11, 2017 · Explains how to set or change shell to bash (Bourne-again shell) on a Linux, macOS, FreeBSD, and Unix-like OS using the chsh command. bash_profile is your personalized settings file that helps make your Terminal experience more efficient and tailored to your needs. Nov 30, 2021 · 358 I'm learning to develop in Rails, and have discovered the power of zsh. To change your shell to Bash on a Mac, you can use the following command in the Terminal: chsh -s /bin/bash Understanding Shells on macOS A shell is a program that provides an interface for users to interact with the operating system. Within it, you can change your Terminal prompt, change the colors of text, add aliases to functions you use all the 2 days ago · Now that you have managed to change default interactive shell on Mac to zsh, you will no longer receive the messages saying, "The default interactive shell is now zsh. The tutorial covers steps for the CLI and GUI methods. The easiest way to change the default shell is to set your SHELL user environment variable. May 27, 2025 · This is what I did in macOS to switch the shell shell from zsh to bash, restoring Homebrew paths, and enabling Colima command-line completion. It acts as a bridge between the user and the system’s services. It is an Nov 19, 2021 · If you do decide to switch back to bash, then you should put the following in your . zsh is Not using a GPL license so Apple is free to include an up-to-date copy of zsh If you want to continue Feb 15, 2024 · The command changes your default shell. While Zsh is a powerful and feature-rich shell, some users might prefer Bash for its simplicity, familiarity, or compatibility with existing scripts and tools Nov 23, 2021 · After upgrading to MacOS Monterey, I was stunned that Apple would switch my default shell to ZSH. pkg installer. Sep 24, 2023 · ZSH, an extended version of the Bourne Shell, offers new features, such as automatic cd, spelling correction, themes, and plugins. If you’d like to use zsh as the default shell in Terminal for Mac OS rather than bash, you can do so rather easily with taking the following steps: Jun 8, 2019 · With the news that Catalina will default to Zsh instead of Bash, I'm finding lots of results telling me about the switch, and that it may cause problems with shell scripts, but I'm not familiar eno Jun 4, 2019 · Apple is moving away from the bash shell on macOS. The current v5 bash is under the GPLv3 license that is poison to companies like Apple, so they cannot give you an up-to-date bash with bug fixes. " To install ZSH on Fedora, "run sudo dnf install zsh" then switch the shell by entering "zsh" in the After the change goes into effect, Bash will still be installed and you can still change the default back to Bash. bashrc is a file that runs bash commands. I immediately switched it back to BASH. Mar 26, 2024 · Zsh is the default login and interactive shell on Mac. Before Starting You should be familiar with using the macOS Terminal command line. A key reason many programmers switch is all the different Nov 24, 2024 · As a professional software engineer and coding instructor with over 15 years of experience, I‘ve come to master the art of customizing my terminal into a productive power tool. Installing ZSH on Ubuntu or other Debian-based distros is as simple as running "sudo apt install zsh" and changing the default shell using "chsh -s $ (which zsh). bashrc) you cannot simply copy customized bash settings over to zsh. zshrc is a file that runs zsh commands. Change the default shell in Terminal on Mac The default shell is zsh. This post is going to describe how to switch from the zsh shell to the bash shell. macOS Mojave and earlier (10. If you prefer using bash over the default zsh shell in macOS, In this video, learn how to switch from Bash to ZSH on your Mac Terminal for a more efficient and customizable command line experience. macOS Catalina and later (10. This article explodes some advantages of Fish, such as pre-installed plugins, faster and simpler setup, along with a step-by-step guide to make your migration seamless and efficient. While Zsh offers many modern Mar 26, 2024 · Zsh is the default login and interactive shell on Mac. com/444596/how-to-change-the-default-shell-to-bash-in-macos-catalina/, but basically go to System Preferences -> Accounts, unlock, ctrl-click on your acct name (Advanced Options), and change the shell! May 10, 2024 · The transition from bash to zsh as the default shell for macOS has been a significant change for many Mac users. This post explain how to upgrade your Bash version on Mac from the command line. How To Switching from zsh to bash on Mac OS?"""""NOTE: If you want to become a Software Test Engineer and want to learn with real time environment, you can c Dec 5, 2020 · If you want to change the default scripting language zsh to bash in terminal on Mac OS, I will teach you how to do it. Sep 15, 2023 · Zsh is the default shell that comes pre-installed on all macOS systems since macOS Catalina. According to How To Change Your Default Shell From Zsh To Bash on Mac, this change likely started with macOS Catalina: With macOS Catalina, Apple switched from using bash as the default terminal shell to Zsh. Aug 29, 2023 · Apple now uses Zsh as the default shell on macOS, but the old Bash shell is still included and easily switchable. How do I switch back and forth, or turn zsh on and off? Apr 26, 2025 · The latest macOS systems comes with Z Shell (Zsh) as default shell, but who still preferred to use bash can still use it by switching the default shell. Jun 5, 2019 · Since zsh ignores the bash configuration files (. As you can see above, I was on the bash shell ($) before and typing zsh switched me to Z Shell (%) ️ Since macOS Catalina Zsh is the default shell, you might see "The default interactive shell is now zsh. Since macOS Catalina, Apple has made Zsh the default shell, replacing Bash. Now when I am trying to check the shell type, I am getting different responses. What is zsh? Zsh, short for Z Shell, is a powerful shell and command-line interpreter for Unix-based systems. I decided to switch but I found a few inconveniences with the setup, mainly with porting over my existing bash_profile to zsh. And I set my default (login) shell to zsh, and I confirmed it's set properly by seeing that when I launc May 31, 2015 · Bash is the default shell on Linux and Mac OS X. Apr 11, 2020 · 6 Not sure why that approach didn't work, but I've never used that method myself. Jan 22, 2016 · I found when using zsh in Catalina, almost all of my former bash setup parameters, found in [dot]bash_profile, transferred seamlessly and worked in [dot]zshrc. bash_profile export BASH_SILENCE_DEPRECATION_WARNING=1 which will keep macOS from complaining that you are using bash, and annoy you with requests to switch to zsh. Enhanced auto-completions and globbing, spell correction, path replacement, the list goes on. The following sections explain both methods. This needs to be done with May 18, 2023 · Changing colors in Terminal I utilize Command Line Interfaces (CLI) frequently, Linux, Unix, Mac etc. The version of zsh is likely obsolete. So if you were in bash when you entered it, you'll still be in bash afterwards. The macOS Terminal is a ZSH terminal shell (aka Z shell) which runs on a Unix-like operating system (macOS, Linux, BSD, Windows/WSL2). If you're on macOS, try our new . Actually, macOS used to default to bash a long time ago, but due to the change of bash’s license to GPLv3, Apple had to replace it. As a long-time Apple user, I was curious about this change and wanted to understand why Apple made the switch to zsh. ) Subsequent terminal windows are now opening in zsh. bash is the default shell in macOS Mojave and earlier. This tutorial will help you for switching between Zsh and Bash on macOS systems. Dec 26, 2020 · I had been putting off the change, but recently got around to making this change. 14-) See Apple Support page, Use zsh as the default shell on your Mac Surprisingly this doesn't work with the command line tools as one would expect. It is widely favored for its enhancements, including: Advanced tab completion: Zsh provides context-aware suggestions, which streamline Apr 18, 2020 · 0 Since macOS Catalina, zsh is the default shell instead of bash. You can use chsh to change a user's shell. Although they are the same, I just feel comfortable with the layout of bash in some situations. Dec 27, 2023 · In this comprehensive guide, you‘ll learn: The history behind shells on Mac OSX and why Zsh became the default Key reasons for switching from Zsh to Bash Step-by-step instructions for changing shells How to customize Bash to suit your workflows Tips for avoiding issues down the road Ready to unlock the power of Bash on Mac? Let‘s get started! A Brief History of Shells on MacOS To To be clear: to set up Homebrew, you do not need to install bash manually or anything. COMMAND-1 input To change your default shell from zsh to bash in Fedora, you can use the following command in your terminal: chsh -s /bin/bash Understanding Zsh and Bash What is Zsh? Zsh, or Z shell, is an extended version of Bourne shell (sh) with many additional features. Converting your existing bash scripts and workflows to zsh, sh, or bash v5 is an important first step. It also appears that a lot of people like zsh. bashrc, so you should convert it into a new . But Catalina replaced it with zsh. Follow step by step instructions to get started using ZSH on Mac OS X. Mar 21, 2012 · Tired of bash? Prefer zsh, ksh, tcsh, fish, or sh? You can quickly change the default shell in Terminal app, in addition to changing a users default login shell for when logging in remotely with SS… Dec 29, 2018 · Zsh, or z shell, is a popular shell alternative to bash and tcsh, complete with many improvements and customization options offered through the Oh-My-ZSH project. Recall that my system preferences Users&Groups already thought that was the default. Now, close the terminal window and reopen it (you will still get -zsh if you don’t reopen), execute the command echo $0 again. However, for those who prefer the bash shell, changing the default shell on macOS is a relatively simple process. In addition, there’s a bunch of things Zsh can do to make your terminal experience better. For example, you may need to be using the bash shell to . Learn that first, then pick up zsh if you feel the need, but I'd learn bash, then pick up python. Follow the steps below. Why Zsh is Worth Switching To Before we jump into the installation, let‘s first motivate why Zsh is worth switching to as your default shell. This comprehensive guide will walk you through configuring environment variables, managing shell profiles, and setting up aliases for optimal productivity. Dec 29, 2021 · Recent versions of macOS now use zsh as the default command line shell. There are several reasons you might want to do this. Once configured, ZSH supercharges your terminal with handy features for developers and power users. Nov 18, 2023 · In this step-by-step tutorial, learn how to easily switch from the default ZSH (Z shell) to BASH (Bourne Again Shell) on your Mac. You can't expect zsh to be able to run the bash commands in your . Shell programs are command-line interpreters that allow us to execute commands… Jun 21, 2025 · Setting up your macOS shell environment properly is crucial for an efficient development workflow. But the trusty old Bash shell is still included with macOS, and you can quickly switch back to Bash if you prefer. By default, Apple switched the default shell from Bash to Zsh (Z shell) starting with macOS Catalina (10. 3. I’ve been using bash for a very long time and have found it reliable and sufficient for my needs. How can I do that? I installed bash 4 on my MacBook. In macOS Catalina, Apple changed the default shell to ZSH for this reason. Apple has been using the Bash shell since OS X Jaguar but hasn’t updated Bash since version 3. But here’s the deal—if you’re doing any real terminal work on macOS, it’s worth knowing why that switch happened and whether you should care. 1): making bash the default login shell again after I had installed oh-my-zsh, which made zsh the default, and then upgrading bash from 3. Z shell (Zsh) is a Unix shell built on top of bash (the default shell for macOS) wi When running bash scripts inside zsh-Terminal I want it to use the homebrew bash version 4 instead of the default 3 of OS X. Zsh works as an interpreter that translates your terminal commands into instructions for your operating system to run. On macOS, the default shell is Zsh, introduced in macOS Catalina. and now i want to make it the default shell instead of Bash. I have tried this code: sudo chsh -s $(which zsh) I've also tried: sudo chsh -s /bin/zsh Also tried these co Dec 17, 2019 · Why is Apple Changing the Shell? Apple is changing from the Bash shell to the Zsh (Z Shell). Jun 6, 2025 · The transition from Bash to Zsh: Apple decided to switch its default Unix shell in Terminal from Bash to Zsh. So install latest (parallel) version of Zsh and set . Oct 9, 2019 · The version of bash shipped with macOS is VERY OLD (v3. Cue the collective sighs and confusion. Jul 22, 2019 · The only downside of changing back to Bash is that each time you open a new Terminal window, there will be a message at the top telling you to switch to Zsh and giving you the command to make the switch. The next time that you launch Terminal, when it spawns a default shell, that's when you'll be put into zsh. Mar 12, 2022 · History of Zsh Shell with macOS Apple released macOS Catalina at WWDC 2019 on October 7, 2019, it was shipped with Zsh shell as the default login shell and interactive shell, replacing the Bash shell which had been the default shell since the Mac OS X Panther that was released in the year 2003. First, check your current Bash version: Jan 8, 2023 · Actually, this does work (opening terminal preferences and changing the login shell to "default". Read about other installation options. Here are some of the most useful improvements: Nov 21, 2022 · How to Switch the Default Shell to Bash on macOSApple is now using Zsh as the default shell on macOS. Change the default shell to Bash by running the command in your terminal chsh -s /bin/bash Change the default shell back to Zsh by using chsh -s /bin/zsh May 5, 2012 · I am trying to set ZSH as my default shell, however it keeps reverting back to bash. But I seem to be running into the following error: Discover seamless ways to switch from bash to zsh and enhance your command line experience. 15). Dec 3, 2023 · How to Change Zsh to Bash on Mac? Change the default terminal shell in macOS using the CLI or the System Preferences GUI. The familiar bash shell was gone, replaced by a new shell called zsh. I have tried to change it into ZSH by command chsh -s /bin/zsh. Small adjustments to the CLI can make huge impacts on my workflow. Apple includes a bash install with macOS, it's just an older version (tl;dr Apple doesn't want to deal with GPLv3 licensing and therefore switched to zsh by default rather than bundle newer versions of bash). My migration experience Jan 17, 2022 · What is an easy way to change terminal from zsh to bash, powershell or preferably node? If this change is made will it in any way corrupt or constrict my Apple native apps? I need to run an app called Visual Studio Code for NFT creation. Dec 12, 2024 · Why ZSH Over Bash Most operating systems like MacOS default to using Bash as the command line shell. Zsh offers many advantages over the standard bash shell on Mac. zshrc instead of trying to run . If you prefer the classic BASH terminal experience or need it for Jan 13, 2020 · macOS ships with an older version of the Bash shell, because newer versions use a license that makes it more difficult for Apple to integrate into their OS. Run the following code, for instance, to change your shell to Zsh chsh -s /bin/zsh As described in the manpage, and by Lorin, if the shell is not known by the OS, you have to add it to its known list: /etc/shells. Dec 15, 2023 · By default, your Mac uses either zsh or bash as the command-line interpreter for the login shell and interactive shell: zsh (Z shell) is the default shell for all newly created user accounts, starting with macOS Catalina. Jan 10, 2025 · How to Change the Default Shell to Bash on macOS Changing the default shell to Bash on macOS is a task that many users may need to perform for various reasons. 57), but that version is still GPLv2 license and Apple is allowed to distribute it. Some benefits of Bash: Press ESC twice to get a list of every Bash command, then issue a print to save as . zshrc or copying the former into the latter. But you also need to consider that the behavior of sh scripts will change when Apple replaces the sh interpreter. In this easy-to-follow tutorial, learn how to switch back from zsh to bash in Terminal on Mac. I typically use the bash shell on Linux servers, so I prefer using it on my Mac. Jun 8, 2023 · I noticed that my default shell set to zsh on Macos Catalina/Big Sur/Monterey/Ventura. 10. bash_profile or . You can change the shell that new Terminal windows and tabs open with. It includes 300+ plugins, themes, and tweaks to supercharge your terminal experience. Try the Mac-way of doing it. I installed zsh on my Mac. Download it from Homebrew's latest GitHub release. bashrc from . . Understanding t Jun 24, 2020 · Conclusion In Catalina Apple started warning us about the eventual demise of bash from macOS. See article. Apr 13, 2023 · Open the Mac terminal window by command ⌘ + spaceand search for terminal, or use Launchpad and search for terminal. 30 using Homebrew (why is Apple shipping Yosemite with an old bash version?). View the list of available shells on the system by typing: cat /etc Apr 25, 2025 · Starting with macOS Catalina, Apple ditched Bash as the default shell and gave Zsh the crown. It doesn't kill the one you're currently running, and somehow spawn a new one transparently under you. Zsh became the default in macOS Catalina and higher version of macOS. . If you're one of them, you might be wondering how to make the switch as smooth as possible. But my terminal preferences didn't get the message; it still thought I wanted to use /bin/bash, which I must have set back in some former life. howtogeek. Via Terminal Using the terminal to switch from Zsh to Bash on macOS is a short and straightforward procedure. Whether you’re a developer, a system administrator, or simply someone who prefers the Bash shell over the Zsh shell (the default for macOS Catalina and later), this comprehensive guide will walk you through the process, explain the Nov 15, 2018 · By Chiamaka Ikeanyi Sometimes, using the default terminal sucks. The new macOS Catalina update will include zsh as the default shell, and older macOS versions can also move to the new shell too May 13, 2024 · I remember the first time I opened my terminal on my Mac and noticed something different. 15+) Apple replaced bash with zsh as the default shell for new user accounts. Why? Can I switch it back? If so, how? Does it make sense to do so? Any gotchas? Aug 28, 2024 · Zsh is built on top of bash and is an extended version that provides additional features on top of bash, such as customization and theme support. Sep 26, 2020 · MacOS comes with an outdated version Bash which can be limiting in shell scripts. You want to go out of the ordinary, to add life to the boring terminal and improve your productivity. bash_profile doesn't help; you either need to change your zsh profile through open ~/. How do I change my default shell to bash on Macos Catalina or above using the command line or GUI options? A Unix shell is nothing but a program that accepts Unix commands from the keyboard and executes them. 2 was released in 2007. Follow the steps below to replace Zsh with Bash: 1. Is said that Apple is changing the default shell to zsh due to licensing issues. What I mean by that is on a bright background I prefer dark foreground colors, and on a dark background I prefer bright Apr 12, 2020 · Bash? Zsh? Which Shell to use in macOS Catalina What is a shell, and what does it have to do with macOS Catalina Introduction So, I'm learning Flutter now, trough the App Brewery's course I'm thinking of switching back to bash on my macbook, I gave zsh a go for almost 2 months now (got the MacBook from work) and I don't see any other advantages, I'm used to bash from my linux machines and it's hard to get used to I guess Aug 5, 2025 · This post guide you to change the default shell from zsh to bash on Mac step by step. 53 to 4. However, Apple replaced Bourne Again SHell Sep 6, 2023 · I felt comfortable using bash shell on MacOS. 2. wdxzhi czddxrhu fbyigr ggai cqeu lec cdbjjw xpqo bkfkr iytd ewftc wjb dubmr gzym mgfbk