Nodejs sandbox escape js with a security model based on a sandbox that can restrict file system and network accesses. It exploits how JavaScript Proxy objects interact with sandboxed code, Jul 7, 2013 · Under Node. Sandboxes are plain JS objects that will be bound to a script before the script is executed. Advanced vm/sandbox for Node. Đó chính là lý do mà sandbox ra đời. js you may create a sandboxed child process, but you also need to append the code with "use strict";, otherwise it is possible to break the sandbox with arguments. Jun 5, 2023 · CVE-2023-32314 is a sandbox escape vulnerability in vm2, a JavaScript sandbox that, despite having little name recognition outside the developer community, was downloaded over 23 million times in May 2023. jcreedcmu / escape. vm2 is a sandbox that can run untrusted code with whitelisted Node’s built-in modules. Catalogued as CVE-2023-32314, this bug affects vm2 versions up to and including 3. It allows an attacker to escape the intended sandbox and execute javascript code in the global context, meaning that he/she can achieve arbitrary command execution (RCE) when running in nodejs and cross site scripting (XSS) when running in the browser. Apr 7, 2023 · Proof-of-concept exploit code has been released for a recently disclosed critical vulnerability in the popular VM2 library, a JavaScript sandbox that is used by multiple software to run code Information Technology Laboratory National Vulnerability DatabaseVulnerabilities Dec 24, 2022 · Two weeks ago we organized our first ever CTF KITCTFCTF 2022. In this writeup, I’ll go over the intended solution in detail which leads Explore this online node js sandbox and experiment with it yourself using our interactive online playground. execSync, enabling an attacker to inject arbitrary system commands. This means invoked code has a different global Dec 20, 2023 · The challenges encompassed sandbox escape, password cracking, script analysis, and privilege escalation. js library used to safely run untrusted code. 19, Node. Mar 9, 2015 · Once the global Function constructor is accessed, it is used to execute 'return process', thereby obtaining the process object from the Node. Therefore, we focused on analyzing the sandbox in more detail during our internal research time at Secfault Security. References Feb 21, 2019 · It could be a real mess in cloud saas situations, since multiple tenants data is accessible once you are able to escape out of the sandbox process. Read our deep dive into the exploit. js, the vm module provides a sandboxed environment where code can be executed in isolation. callee. Even though it was a challenging and stressful task, I certainly had a blast preparing challenges and watching the playing teams progress. Source Code: lib/vm. Jul 12, 2023 · In vm2 for versions up to 3. The vulnerability is caused by the unsanitized use of input parameters within a call to child_process. Successful exploitation can lead to remote code execution under the server process's privileges on the host machine, bypassing the Overview vm2 is a sandbox that can run untrusted code with whitelisted Node's built-in modules. The vulnerability is caused by the unsanitized … Nov 18, 2022 · 0x01 沙箱逃逸初识 说到沙箱逃逸，我们先来明确一些基本的概念。 JavaScript和Nodejs之间有什么区别：JavaScript用在浏览器前端，后来将Chrome中的v8引擎单独拿出来为JavaScript单独开发了一个运行环境，因此JavaScript也可以作为一门后端语言，写在后端（服务端）的JavaScript就叫叫做Nodejs。 什么是沙箱 Information Technology Laboratory National Vulnerability DatabaseVulnerabilities Apr 23, 2024 · One major goal of Deno was creating a more secure version of Node. js, affecting versions up to 3. Update: PoC exploit available for VM2 library Sandbox escape vulnerability – 18th April 2023 Overview A Proof-of-Concept (PoC) code has been disclosed for the vulnerabilities, tracked as CVE-2023-30547 (CVSS score: 9. Oct 11, 2022 · Attackers could exploit the "Sandbreak" security bug, which has earned a 10 out of 10 on the CVSS scale, to execute a sandbox escape, achieve RCE, and run shell commands on a hosting machine. js, Deno is secure by default, and you opt in granular permissions like file, network, and environment access. In addition, we need to work around the process. Sandbox environments are crucial for security, as they isolate code execution from the main application, preventing unauthorized access and potential malicious activity. Contribute to patriksimek/vm2 development by creating an account on GitHub. These permissions helped me carve the boundaries of a sandbox. Jul 15, 2019 · Bypassing a restrictive JS sandbox Commonly, when you audit a software, you tend to start by understanding what features it has and how they are implemented. js global environment. js VM Escape: A Comprehensive Guide In the world of Node. 9. Patches None. 8 – critical), that allows for the execution of malicious code on a host running the VM2 sandbox. Apr 18, 2023 · Security researchers have released yet another sandbox escape proof of concept (PoC) exploit that makes it possible to execute unsafe code on the host running the VM2 sandbox. Impact A threat actor can bypass the sandbox protections to gain remote code execution rights on the host running the sandbox. Jan 11, 2016 · The API of Node exposes a module called VM that allows for a more safe execution of arbitrary JS code. Jan 1, 2019 · ctf hackvent jab qrcode 14-segment-display javascript dial-a-pirate certificate-transparency piet perl deobfuscation steganography stegsolve nodejs sandbox-escape crypto telegram sqli Jan 1, 2019 The challenge is basically a NodeJS sandbox escape where code generation is disabled and the VM has a null Object context. 19. May 28, 2020 · How to understand the following code to escape the vm2 sandbox in node. You can use it as a template to jumpstart your development with this pre-built solution. js methods) The Halting Problem as @maerics wrote about can be solved by setting a timeout for the code although you can not do that in the same process, because for example while(1) will block it. mainModule restriction, but that turns out to be pretty simple. js. You could sneak in into other tenants sessions, secrets etc. js is with references to objects in the host scope (from which you can gain a reference to all of host scope via the prototype chain). Mar 9, 2016 · A module in the Node. CVE-2023-37466 This is a javascript sandboxing library. Mar 9, 2016 · Node. Scripts are objects that represent compiled versions of JS code. The journey began by exploiting a sandbox escape within a NodeJS code runner for initial Jul 26, 2021 · Complete write up for the discordvm challenge at Business CTF 2021 hosted by Hack The Box. js vm2 module could allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the system, caused by a sandbox escape flaw in the handleException () function. Jul 13, 2023 · CVE-2023-37466 - VM2 - Sandbox Escape Vulnerability The VM2 Package is vulnerable to Sandbox Escape. Apr 22, 2024 · An attacker can use the exposed pw object reference to escape the sandbox and execute arbitrary system commands using the child_process Node. Feb 22, 2023 · In this post, we'll cover security concerns of a JavaScript sandbox with the Node. js 里提供了 vm 模块，相当于一个虚拟机，可以让你在执行代码时候隔离当前的执行环境，避免被恶意代码攻击。 vm 模块可在 V8 虚拟机上下文中编译和运行代码。 注意的是： vm 模块不是安全的机制。 不要使用它来运行不受信任的代码。 VM 模块 Safely execute arbitrary untrusted JavaScript from nodejs. A common use case is to run the code in a different V8 Context. prevent infinite loops) Restricted code (cannot access node. 3. This PoC pre-request script executes the id > /tmp/pwnd system command as soon as a request is sent. ### Impact Remote Code Execution, assuming the attacker has arbi VM2 provides a secure environment for executing JavaScript within Node. js Sandbox Escape John Hammond 1. The vulnerability is caused by the unsanitized use of input parameters within a call to `child_process. JavaScript code can be compiled and run immediately or compiled, saved, and run later. Mar 9, 2016 · There exists a vulnerability in exception sanitization of vm2 for versions up to 3. js servers. For any audience out there; the problem with VM scope in node. This module implements an isolated JavaScript environment that can be used to run any code without being able to escape the sandbox. 18 of vm2. (Nessus Plugin ID 181412) Oct 22, 2021 · Recurring bug The team found the bug during a months-long project investigating vulnerabilities in JavaScript sandboxes. 19, Promise handler sanitization can be bypassed, allowing attackers to escape the sandbox and run arbitrary code. Information Technology Laboratory National Vulnerability DatabaseVulnerabilities Mar 9, 2017 · A sandbox escape vulnerability exists in vm2 for versions up to 3. The V8 context is initialized and executed entirely from C++ so it's impossible for the JS stack frames to lead back to the nodejs environment. Jul 8, 2025 · Vulnerability Details : CVE-2025-53372 node-code-sandbox-mcp has a Sandbox Escape via Command Injection node-code-sandbox-mcp is a Node. Apr 9, 2025 · Intro to Sandbox Escapes From JS Engine Exploit to Full Privilege Code Execution Browser Sandbox Basics: Modern browsers use sandboxing to isolate code execution (especially untrusted JS) from the … Nov 8, 2025 · Wrap-up Escaping a sandbox in Node. js context. js JavaScript run-time environment is affected by a sandbox breakout vulnerability. References Exploiting Redis Lua Sandbox Escape RCE with SSRF, Rayhan0x01 shares his write-up of Red Island from Cyber Apocalypse CTF 2022. The node:vm module is not a security mechanism. May 15, 2023 · A sandbox escape vulnerability exists in vm2 for versions up to 3. This vulnerability allows attackers to bypass Promise handler sanitization, escape the sandbox, and potentially execute arbitrary code. Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Sandbox Bypass by abusing an unexpected creation of a host object based on the maliciously crafted specification of Proxy. js Created 7 years ago Escaping nodejs vm escape. At runtime, the scripts will have access to the sandbox object via the Jul 8, 2025 · Summary A command injection vulnerability exists in the node-code-sandbox-mcp MCP Server. 17. We'll abuse NodeJS interpreter internals to recreate functionality to spawn a reverse shell. js is often less about a single “magical” payload and more about methodical discovery: identify what the environment exposes, map the available primitives, and then carefully chain capabilities to achieve objectives. For securing code, sandboxing is Unlike Node. A critical vulnerability, CVE-2023-37466, has been identified in vm2, an advanced vm/sandbox for Node. Do not use it to run untrusted code. execSync`, enabling an attacker to inject arbitrary system commands Apr 29, 2025 · During an investigation conducted in early March, Trustwave SpiderLabs identified a resurgence in malicious campaigns exploiting deceptive CAPTCHA verifications. References PoC is to be disclosed on or after the 5th of Jul 8, 2025 · Node. js sandbox and Pod in K8S [Part 1] RCE story an application lead to escape container and how to secure it. Sandbox addresses . There exists a Aug 11, 2024 · NodeJS escape VM and some gadgets chaining in NodeJS Sandbox là gì? Khi chúng ta chạy một số chương trình có thể gây nguy hiểm cho hệ thống thì chúng ta cần một cách để chạy chúng mà không ảnh hưởng đến hệ thống. Workarounds None. 16, allowing attackers to raise an unsanitized host exception inside handleException() which can be used to escape the sandbox and run arbitrary code in host context. The vulnerability was identified by researchers from the firm Oxeye. It abuses an unexpected creation of a host object based on the specification of Proxy, and allows RCE via Function in the host context. Nov 29, 2018 · 前言 Node. As of this week, the VM2 Project has been discontinued. js custom inspect function allows attackers to escape the sandbox and run arbitrary code. This follows a recent Mar 9, 2016 · Overview vm2 is a sandbox that can run untrusted code with whitelisted Node's built-in modules. NodeJs 沙盒逃逸分析及原型链的简单学习 VM 简介 node. js Sandbox MCP Server command injection in the sandbox_stop tool's execSync call grants host RCE and sandbox escape via a malicious container_id. HackTheBox "Business CTF" - discordvm - Node. In March, they reported a sandbox breakout bug in isolated-vm, another sandbox, which allowed attackers to obtain a reference to the ‘function’ object of the Node. Feb 15, 2013 · Sandbox is a node module that according to the README; Can be used to execute untrusted code Support for timeouts (e. With CodeSandbox, you can easily learn how tarekhassan410 has skilfully integrated different packages and frameworks to create a truly impressive Jul 8, 2025 · CVE-2025-53372 Node. This object is then used to execute a system command (execSync('touch flag')), which demonstrates the ability to run arbitrary system commands, effectively escaping the sandbox. Mar 16, 2024 · Details about vm2 sandbox escape vulnerability and local exploits for multiple platforms. Oct 13, 2022 · The flaw could allow threat actors to execute a sandbox escape and run shell commands through the hosting machine. The module operates in terms of scripts, sandboxes and contexts. js module. g. This sandboxing is intended to prevent untrusted code from accessing sensitive information or causing harm to the host system. Impact Remote Code Execution, assuming the attacker has arbitrary code execution primitive inside the context of vm2 sandbox. I would like to report a sandbox escape / code injection vulnerability in notevil. One of my challenges called Date was a V8 exploitation challenge that unfortunately stayed unsolved during the CTF. May 15, 2023 · Summary: In May 2023, security researchers discovered a critical sandbox escape vulnerability in vm2, a popular Node. js //////// // The vm module lets you run a string containing javascript code 'in // a sandbox', where you specify a context of global variables that // exist for the duration of its execution. js 是一个基于 Chrome V8 引擎的 JavaScript 运行环境，可以被开发者用来开发前端或者后端的程序语言。 NodeJS 最初于2009年发布，现在被Netflix，微软和IBM等技术公司所使用。 如今，NodeJS的下载量已经超过250，000，000， 甚至这个数量还在增长。 Mar 9, 2019 · In vm2 for versions up to 3. It abuses an unexpected creation of a host object based on the specification of Proxy. This works more or less // well, and if you're in control of the code that's running Nov 27, 2018 · Learn how to escape NodeJS sandboxes without require keyword. Prior to 1. Jan 25, 2024 · We bypassed the V8 sandbox using a raw pointer in WasmIndirectFunctionTable, enabling arbitrary write and code execution. Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Sandbox Escape. js VM module and how to mitigate them. Is there any way to do that? I am currently using Jul 12, 2023 · Description In vm2 for versions up to 3. js–based Model Context Protocol server that spins up disposable Docker containers to execute arbitrary JavaScript. By sending a specially crafted request, an attacker could exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code in host context. 98M subscribers Subscribed Hi, I am currently building a coding competition type of website as my first actual nodejs project and I have gotten to the point of being able to compile and run a cpp file submitted by the user, on the server but, I want to have a way through which the program runs in a sandbox so that no one can just system ("shutdown now"); into my server. Jul 8, 2025 · CVE-2025-53372: node-code-sandbox-mcp has a Sandbox Escape via Command Injection First published: Tue Jul 08 2025 (Updated: ) ### Summary A command injection vulnerability exists in the `node-code-sandbox-mcp` MCP Server. The project I shipped, deno-script-sandbox, has an API where users can send JavaScript/TypeScript programs and receive the evaluation result (stdout/stderr). It's usable from a nodejs process, but the JS environment is Jun 15, 2016 · Thanks for the report, I'm working hard on a new version of vm2 and I was able to fix this leak by creating context inside created context. Patches This vulnerability was patched in the release of version 3. Apr 1, 2023 · RCE lead to escape container and how to secure Node. js Sandbox MCP Server vulnerability can lead to Sandbox Escape via Command Injection: A command injection vulnerability exists in the node-code-sandbox-mcp MCP Server. caller. 0, a command injection vulnerability exists in the node-code-sandbox-mcp MCP Server. This article is a part of a HTB Business CTF 2021 series. Not sure if there's another way how to escape the sandbox, haven't found one yet. js Asked 4 years, 11 months ago Modified 4 years, 10 months ago Viewed 4k times Oct 18, 2025 · Node. js The node:vm module enables compiling and running code within V8 Virtual Machine contexts. When embedding any kind of js code inside your app (either web or nodejs based) you are essentially giving access to the entire kingdom, hoping there is no malicious code in a dependency such as with supply chain attacks. 8 – critical) and CVE-2023-29199 (CVSS score: 9. tvqyotc gnmufu nqmxo icqgkna nmpbg sny uce ueujx bytnnpmq apr azftwxf qzt pzzqsfmm vvtwsy iza